Table of Contents
Introduction
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- Scope of the report
Data Sources
Overview
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- World poverty
- Tourism’s relationship with poverty
- Tourism’s poverty alleviation imperative
- Tourism’s impact on poverty
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- Figure 1: A ledger of tourism’s potential impacts on livelihoods, 2009
Tourism and its Poverty-Alleviating Capability
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- Restraints influencing the poor’s economic participation in tourism
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- Figure 2: Actions to enhance economic participation of the poor in tourism enterprises, 2009
- Critical factors influencing the poor’s economic participation in tourism
- Access to the tourist market
- Coexistence with primary livelihood strategies
- Financial capital
- Gender
- Human capital
- Land ownership and tenure
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- Figure 3: Pafuri Camp per cent occupancies, 2005-07
- Local aspirations
- Location
- Planning gain
- Regulatory environment
- Social capital
- Supply chain linkages
- Tourism niches
- Opportunities and challenges
- Local economy leakage
- Tourism’s multi-sectoral nature
- Tourism and poverty alleviation in an urban environment
- Tourism and poverty alleviation in Western developed nations
- Strategies that enhance the poverty impacts of tourism
The Status of Tourism and Poverty Alleviation
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- Can tourism alleviate poverty?
- Interview: Harold Goodwin, Pro-Poor Tourism Partnership, and Director, International Centre for Responsible Tourism
- Interview: Tricia Barnett, Director, Tourism Concern
- Avenues of poverty alleviation in tourism
- Benign supply chain management
- Development projects
- Empowering women
- Government actions
- National economy growth and investment
- Policy
- Micro-financing
- Operation of sustainable niche tourism resources
- Agencies of poverty alleviation in tourism
- Conservation NGOs
- Government
- Industry
- Multinational agencies
- Tourism NGOs
Case Studies
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- Nam Ha Ecotourism Project, Laos
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- Figure 4: Tourist arrivals in Luang Nam Tha Province, 2001-07
- Figure 5: Tourists participating in community-based ecotourism and revenues generated, Luang Nam Tha Province, 2001-07
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- Figure 6: Beneficiaries from tourism in five Nam Ha target villages, May 2008
- La Ruta Moskitia, Honduras
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- Figure 7: LARUMO sales figures, 2006-07, and Jan-Aug 2008
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- Figure 8: Raista ecotourism group five-year business plan income projections, 2006-10
- Gambia is Good, the Gambia
What Next?
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- Policy environment improvements are key
- Pro-poor data collection and projects
- The credit crunch, tourism and the poor
- The next ‘big thing’ in tourism?
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